International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Assessing Availability and Consumption of Water Resource Dynamics in Selected Districts of Bihar, India
Abstract
Bihar is well known as third most populous and least urbanized State of India. Bihar is lagging far behind in process of urbanization with 11.3 percent of people living in urban areas. The major share of urban population lives as urban poor with either no access or limited access to basic amenities like safe drinking water. In Bihar, only 4.4 per cent of households have access to tap water connection. As high as 89.6 percent households of the state depend on hand pump/tube well/bore hole for drinking water. Though, urban reforms were introduced a long ago but their implementation and impact on urban areas is too slow which makes conditions of urban Bihar worse. The present research study is based on primary data. The study carries out critical evaluation of urban infrastructure with special reference to safe drinking water in selected districts of Bihar. The study also analyzes role of urban local bodies, local governance and other related agencies in providing safe drinking water in Bihar. Study find out that in study area liters/capita/day consumption of water is lower than the levels recommended by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Further, the major population of seven districts of Bihar consumes water in range between 50-135 liter per capita per day. Overall people perception about the quality of water is satisfactory but with increasing pressure on drinking water resource its quality has deteriorated over the years and proper management of water resource is required.
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