Potential of Biogas Production from Dung Generated at Dairy Farms and Gaushalas in India

Vinay Prabhakar, Gargi Biswas, Yogita Mishra, G Rambabu, S K Gupta

Abstract


India is the largest milk producer and a leading producer of bovine dung in the world. During 2021-22, there were estimated 25 lakh animals in Dairy farms and Gaushalas generating dung of 35,000 tonnes/day (TPD). The dung generated from Dairy farms and Gaushalas has the potential to generate biogas a renewable source of energy and address environmental issues such as improper disposal or dumping of dung, greenhouse gas emission, and odour nuisance. The estimated biogas production from dung generated at Dairy farms and Gaushalas is 1.4 million cubic meter per day (Mm3/day). The Hon’ble Prime Minister, in his Mann Ki Baat address Episode 41 aired on 25 February, 2018, highlighted the need and benefits of conversion of waste to energy especially bovine dung to biogas. CPCB formulated “Guidelines for Environmental Management of Dairy farms and Gaushalas”, 2021 which guides management of environmental issues in Dairy farms and Gaushalas in urban, peri-urban, and rural areas. It also suggests methods for utilization of animal dung such as biogas production, compressed biogas (CBG) production, etc.  Pollution potential of CBG plants was assessed by CPCB and was classified under orange, green and white categories. Further, household CBG plant using cow dung was classified under the white category to promote the utilization of bovine dung in rural area. In India, as on March, 2023, a total 58 CBG plants have been commissioned and about 9,019 tonnes of CBG have been produced. This paper collates and presents state-wise and area-wise potential of biogas production from dung and role of individuals and stakeholders in promoting waste to energy with a commitment to implement the vision of the Hon’ble Prime Minister widely.

Keywords


Biogas, Renewable Energy, Dairy farm, Gaushala, Dung, CBG

References


Arshad, M., Ansari, A.R., Qadir, R. Tahir, M.H., Nadeem, A., Mehmood, T., Alhumade, H. and Khan, N. 2022 Green electricity generation from biogas of cattle manure: An assessment of potential and feasibility in Pakistan. Frontiers in Energy Research, Section Bioenergy and Biofuels, 10, art 911485. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2022.911485

Budzianowski, W.M. and Postawa, K. 2017. Renewable energy from biogas with reduced carbon dioxide footprint: Implications of applying different plant configurations and operating pressures, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 68(2), 852-868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.05.076.

Business Standard. 2023. Maruti to use cow dung to produce biogas for sustainable mobility solutions. https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/maruti-to-use-cow-dung-to-produce-biogas-for-sustainable-mobility-solutions-123012701100_1.html)

CPCB. 2016. Direction, Harmonization of Classification of Industrial Sectors into Red, orange, Green and White Categories. CPCB, New Delhi, 53 pages. https://moef.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Latest_118_Final_Directions.pdf

CPCB. 2021. Guidelines for Environmental Management of Dairy Farms and Gaushalas. Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Nes Delhi. (https://cpcb.nic.in/openpdffile. php?id=TGF0ZXN0RmlsZS8zMjZfMTYyNjUyOT M5MV9tZWRpYXBob3RvMTc1OTcucGRm) Accessed on 19.04.2023

GOBARdhan. Nd. Installed Capacity of Commercial CBG Plants. Unified Portal of GOBARdhan, Govt. of India https://sbm.gov.in/gbdw20/InstalledCapacityof CommercialCBGPlants.aspx. Accessed on 19.04.2023

GOBARdhan. Nd. Year Wise Status of Bio-Gas/CBG Plant-Completed & Functional, Unified Portal of GOBARdhan, Govt. of India https://sbm.gov.in/gbdw20/GD_GetBio_ Gas_CBGPlant_YearWise.aspx. Accessed on 19.04.2023

Gupta, K.K., Aneja, K.R. and Rana, D. 2016. Current status of cow dung as a bioresource for sustainable development. Bioresour. Bioprocess, 3, 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40643-016-0105-9

Jain, R. 2023. Greening Indian’s Energy Mix With Compressed Biogas (CBG), Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi (https://www.cseindia.org/greening-india-s-energy-mix-with-compressed-biogas-cbg—11705) Accessed on 19.04.2023

PM India, Mann Ki Baat (https://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/news_updates/pms-mann-ki-baat-programme-on-all-india-radio-11/) Accessed on 19.04.2023

Puri, H.S. 2022. Compressed Bio Gas (CBG) is the need of the hour, and Government is taking all steps to promote ecosystem around it. Press release PIB Delhi, https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1868887 Accessed on 19.04.2023

Shaibur, M.R., Husain, H. and Arpon, S.H. 2021. Utilization of cow dung residues of biogas plant for sustainable development of a rural community. Current Research in Environmental Sustainability, 3, 100026, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsust.2021.100026.

Singh, R. 2022. Process of cow based biogas manufacturing. Pashudhan Praharee, https://www.pashudhanpraharee. com/process-of-cow-based-biogas-manufacturing/ Accessed on 19.04.2023.

Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin. 2023. https://swachhbharatmission.gov.in/SBMCMS/index.htm. Accessed on 19.04.2023;

Ukpai, P.A. and Nnabuchi, M.N. 2012. Comparative study of biogas production from cow dung, cow pea and cassava peeling using 45 litres biogas digester. Advances in Applied Science Research, 3 (3), 21864-1869.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

COPYRIGHT of this Journal vests fully with the National Instional Institute of Ecology. Any commercial use of the content on this site in any form is legally prohibited.